The increased use of informatics in the study of biological research and, specifically, the study of genes,
giving rise to the discipline known as, bioinformatics.
The bioinformatics is considered a recent subdivision of biotechnology and represents the union between
biotechnology with informatics. In a simple way, consist in the deposit and analysis of gene sequences in
databases and, consequently, manipulation and analysis of them with the use of specific software.
The establishment of public databases allows that scientists can have access to information others
laboratories and enable exchange and share genetic sequences. Every day, new sequences are deposited in
the public database NCBI, known as GenBank. The bioinformatics has revolutionized the development of
medical and biological research and has enabled relevant new discoveries that will be implemented.
The people who work with bioinformatics serve a public that is involved with a complex business: science.
Biologists are scientists and much of time the solution of bioinformatics is part of the process of discovery.
That is, even users do not know exactly what they want and to go.
The DNA sequences are the principle sources of information about the molecular biology of organisms, but
should be translated and interpreted in an effective way to obtain consistent information. The genomic
annotation consists in a process of several steps, happening, more or less, three basic categories:
annotation in the level nucleotides, protein level and level process.
So, the revolution of Molecular Genetics proposed the appearance of new areas of knowledge, such as
genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. The determination of metabolic profiles of
organisms in function of genetics or environmental conditions allows to study the mechanisms of
regulation of metabolism. Currently, more than 40.000 compounds have been identified in plants and much
more await identification. A lot of these compounds have important applications as medicines, flavorings,
antibiotics, toxins and the raw material for chemical industry. Advances were made in the last ten years in
the areas of genomics, in which, complete DNA sequences of various organisms were obtained. Proteomics
complete profiles of proteins of organisms can be developed. The metabolomics studies the profile of primary
and secondary metabolites. So, the effects of changes in the genome, transcriptome or proteome can be
studied.
The bioinformatics is an area that requires a multidisciplinary professional, involving, necessarily, facility
relates to different types of professionals. In addition, must have good capacity of abstraction, because the
problems are not clear and neither the solutions.

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